a) Haemorrhage (Bleeding) :
Bleeding arising frorn
capillaries can be controlled by applying pressure
bandage over the area. A tourniquet with rubber
bands may be applied. Firm pressure may help to
reduce bleeding. Tincture Iodine, Tincture Benzoin
may be used to control bleeding from capillaries.
These coagulate the blood proteins and thus hastens
blood clotting.
b) Burns and Scalds :
Burns may involve larger or
smaller skin surface. The burnt area should be
flushed with cold normal saline or water. Soothing
and protective preparations may be used as burn
dressings.
c) Epistaxis (Bleeding from nose):
Rest is very
important. The animal should be kept in a cool
place. Ice pack, ice water or cold water irrigation
should be applied. If bleeding persists hemostatic
drugs should be injected under the supervision of a
veterinarian.
d) Heatstroke :
Over exercise in hot weather, enviromental heat., dehydration, limited water
supply are the factors responsible for heat stroke.
The animal should be placed in a cool, dark room and
cold compressors should be applied to the head and
neck. Ice pack is very useful if available.
e) Wasp and bee sting :
Wasp and Bee sting produce urticarial swellings on- the skin. Animals show
signs of pain and irritation. Formic acid is
deposited on the skin and this produce the
irritation. Attempts should be made to remove the
sting and the area washed with washing soda (Three
teaspoonful in 500 ml water).
f) Snake Bite :
Snake possesses four types of venom;
these are clotoxin, neurotoxin, hemolysin and
anticlotting factor. A flat tourniquet should be
applied above the bitten area. The bitten area may
be incised to drain out venom as far as possible and
animal brought under the treatment of veterinarian.
g) Fracture of Bones :
A breach in the continuity of
the bone . is known as fracture. Restriction of
movement is an important aspect in the management of
analgesic to relieve pain is necessary.
